What treatments are commonly used for osteoporosis?

• A. Calcium and Vitamin D supplementation alone
• B. MHT, bisphosphonates, SERMs, weight-bearing exercises, and calcium/Vitamin D supplementation
• C. Weight-bearing exercises only
• D. Chiropractic adjustments

Answer: (B)

Osteoporosis treatment centers on strengthening bone and reducing fracture risk through a mix of medications that slow bone loss and lifestyle strategies that support bone health. Calcium and vitamin D are foundational because they provide the nutrients the bone needs to remodel properly and maintain density. Beyond that, several medication classes actively reduce bone breakdown or improve bone strength: bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclasts, helping to prevent further bone loss; SERMs like raloxifene mimic estrogen’s protective effects on bone and reduce resorption; menopausal hormone therapy can be used in carefully selected patients to preserve bone density, though it comes with specific risks that limit its use to certain individuals. Adding weight-bearing and resistance exercises further strengthens bone and improves balance, lowering fracture risk.

This combination—calcium and vitamin D, appropriate pharmacologic therapy to curb bone loss, and weight-bearing activity—reflects the comprehensive approach commonly used for osteoporosis, rather than relying on a single strategy like supplements alone, only exercise, or unrelated treatments.